Network Layer#
Control Plane#
- Per-router control plane
- Logically centralized control plane
IP - Internet Protocol#
IP Datagram Format#
5 x 32-bit
fixed-length headers4 bits
protocol version4 bits
header length (number of words)8 bits
type of service16 bits
total length (total datagram length in bytes)16 bits
identification (identifier for fragmentation)3 bits
flags (set to 1 if this is not the last fragment)13 bits
fragment offset (for reassembly)8 bits
time to live (maximum number of remaining hops)8 bits
protocol (specifies the encapsulated protocol in data)16 bits
header checksum32 bits
source IP address32 bits
destination IP address
- options (variable length)
- variable-length payload
IP Addressing#
- IPV4: 32-bit address
- IPV6: 128-bit address
What is an interface?
What is a subnet?