Network Data Units#
Datagram vs Segment vs Packet vs Frame vs Fragment
Datagram#
Datagram is only used in two places.
Usages:
- UDP Datagram (Transport Layer)
- IP Datagram (Network Layer)
Segment#
Usages:
- TCP Segment (Transport Layer)
Packet#
Packet is the most general term to describe a unit of data in a network. Usually a packet is the actual data (payload) needs to be sent wrapped in some protocol-defined headers. Mostly use in Transport Layer and Network Layer.
Usages:
- TCP Packet (same as TCP Segment) (Transport Layer)
- UDP Packet (same as UDP Datagram) (Transport Layer)
- IP Packet (same as IP Datagram) (Network Layer)
Frame#
Frame is only used in Link Layer or Physical Layer.
Fragment#
Fragment is used when data needs to be chopped/split into smaller pieces or fragments due to MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) limitation.